Malcolm X
born Malcolm Little, also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, 1925~1965 
"I’d never had that feeling of being in a majority black nation. It’s not a majority black neighborhood or section of town - or even region - it’s the entire continent. That place is the foundation of black culture, which is expression, identity, perspective. You can positively affect and change a social circumstance with art, and it’s vital that a change happen now.
To quote Malcolm X, ‘It’s time to be extreme, because we are living in a time of extremism. The people who are in power have abused it and change has to come.’ That’s where we’re at. We can’t have moderate responses to extreme circumstances."
-- Mos Def
when asked to talk about his recent trip to Africa 
黑潮 Malcolm X
205 min. 1992
Denzel Washington ... Malcolm X
Angela Bassett ... Dr. Betty Shabazz
Albert Hall ... Baines
Al Freeman Jr. ... Elijah Muhammad
Spike Lee ... Shorty
Lonette McKee ... Louise Little
Tommy Hollis ... Earl Little
Muhammad Ali ... Himself - Handshake with Malcolm (archive footage) (uncredited)
Janet Jackson ... Herself - at End of Credits (uncredited)
Magic Johnson ... Himself - at End of Credits (uncredited)
Michael Jordan ... Himself - at End of Credits (uncredited)
John F. Kennedy ... Himself - Funeral Procession (archive footage) (uncredited)
Martin Luther King ... Himself (archive footage) (uncredited)
Joe Louis ... Himself - after Fight with Billy Conn (archive footage) (uncredited)
Nelson Mandela ... Soweto Teacher
Malcolm X ... Himself (archive footage) (uncredited)
Andrew Young ... Himself - with King (archive footage) (uncredited)
奧斯卡最佳男主角提名 (and the winner is Al Pacino)
柏林影帝
柏林金熊獎提名
[first lines]
In the name of Allah the merciful, all praises due to Allah, Lord of all the worlds. The one God to whom praise is due forever. The one who came to us in the person of Master Fard Muhammad and raised up the Honorable Elijah Muhammad. Amen.
[pause]
Asalaamalaikum!
Alaikum-salaam!
How do you feel?
Good!
Who do we want to hear?
Malcolm X!
Are we gonna bring him on? Yes, we gonna bring him on. Well let us hear from our minister, Minister Malcolm X. Let us bring him on with a round of applause!
Brothers and sisters, I am here to tell you that I charge the white man. I charge the white man with being the greatest murderer on earth. I charge the white man with being the greatest kidnapper on earth. There is no place in this world that this man can go and say he created peace and harmony. Everywhere he's gone he's created havoc. Everywhere he's gone he's created destruction. So I charge him. I charge him with being the greates kidnapper on this earth! I charge him with being the greatest murderer on this earth! I charge him with being the greatest robber and enslaver on this earth! I charge the white man with being the greatest swine-eater on this earth. The greatest drunkard on this earth! He can't deny the charges! You can't deny the charges! We're the living proof *of* those charges! You and I are the proof. You're not an American, you are the victim of America. You didn't have a choice coming over here. He didn't say, "Black man, black woman, come on over and help me build America". He said, "Nigger, get down in the bottom of that boat and I'm taking you over there to help me build America". Being born here does not make you an American. I am not an American, you are not an American. You are one of the 22 million black people who are the *victims* of America. You and I, we've never see nany democracy. We didn't see any... democracy on the-the cotton fields of Georgia, wasn't no democracy down there. We didn't see any democracy. We didn't see any democracy on the streets of Harlem or on the streets of Brooklyn or on the streets of Detroit or Chicago. Ain't no democracy down there. No, we've never seem democracy! All we've seen is hypocrisy! We don't see any American Dream. We've experienced only the American Nightmare!
[shouting] Malcolm! Malcolm! We want Malcolm! We want Malcolm!
這部可能是史派克李從影以來最俱野心，最憤怒的電影，在筆者心目中甚至超越【為所應為】，黑人領袖登高一呼開場白，跨年欣賞兩百多分鐘麥爾坎Ｘ的血淚奮鬥，就是李導送給我滴新年快樂禮物。看完麥爾坎Ｘ率領鄉親對抗基督教白人故事，筆者甚至湧生跑到新生南路清真寺買本可蘭經研讀之衝動。
「這片拍蠻好，不過史派克李可能怕觀眾看不懂，所以丹佐華盛頓講什麼前面都要加個『穆罕默德說』。」朋友如此評論本片。
麥爾坎Ｘ還在媽媽肚子裡的時候，屋外就常常聚集三Ｋ黨擾民，支持泛非主義者 Marcus Garvey，認為黑人應該回非洲建國的牧師麥爸，開槍警告鬼馬小精靈們莫再靠近。麥爸日後被蓄意火車輾斃，警方說法為男子拿鐵鎚打爆自己的頭，然後臥軌，自我殺害。
麥媽是個有尊嚴，受過教育的堅強女性，她的皮膚不夠黑 (fair-skinned) 因為母親曾被白人侵犯，嫁給麥爸的原因之一是麥爸皮膚有夠黑，她恨透自己被漂白的膚色，希望小孩能多黑點。麥媽事件對麥爾坎Ｘ和其他黑人兄弟影響甚遠，因為黑人姐妹都被白人侵犯過，黑人兄弟復仇方式乃玷污白人女性。
I'm tired of playing the cops. I wanna be Bogart.
Shorty, you're too small to be Bogart.
I'm not too short to be Cagney.
丹佐華盛頓和衛斯理史奈普首度出現於史派克李電影第四部電影【愛情至上】(Mo' Better Blues, 1990) 後，衛斯里丹佐兩位帥哥分別主演了倪匡電影 (不好笑)，李導的第五部電影【叢林熱】(Jungle Fever, 1991) 和第六部電影【黑潮】(Malcolm X, 1992)，也就是本片。
八八年【哭喊自由】(Cry Freedom, 1987) 提名影藝學院獎，丹佐九零年藉【光榮戰役】(Glory, 1989) 拿下奧斯卡佳配，經過三次叩關男主角，終於在零一年以洛城首部曲【震撼教育】和荷莉貝瑞共享小金人。十年後丹佐仍擔任【開膛手】休氏兄弟最新大作 The Book of Eli 後天啟動作英雄，而我們的吸血鬼見愁已經不做大哥好多年。
"Black: Destitute of light... devoid of color. Enveloped in darkness... hence utterly dismal or gloomy... as, 'The future looked black."
Pretty good with them words.
Soiled with dirt... foul... Sullen... hostile... forbidding, as, 'a black day.' Foully or outrageously wicked... as, 'black cruelty. 'Indicating disgrace, dishonor or culpability. And there's others. "Blackmail. Blackball. Blackguard."
That's something, all right.
Let's look up "white." Here. Read.
"White: The color of pure snow. Reflecting all the rays of the spectrum. The opposite of black. Free from spot or blemish. Innocent. Pure." Ain't this something? "Without evil intent. Harmless.
Honest, square-dealing... and honorable." Wait a minute. This was written by white folks, though.
Sure ain't no black man's book.
So why read it?
So you can read the truth behind the words. You got to take everything the white man says and use it against him.
There's a whole lot of words in here.
Here. Let's start at the beginning. We'll look them up, write them down and find out what they mean. Page one. The first word: "Aardvark."
Aardvark. Earth pig. African, ant-eating mammal. Abacus: Chinese calculating instrument. Abaddon: The place of the lost in Sheol. The bottomless pit.
If you take one step toward Allah... he'll take two steps toward you.
麥爾坎Ｘ原本是個順直頭髮，愛搞金髮碧眼高加索妞，逞兇鬥狠偷拐搶騙的小混混，直到他在監獄邂逅精神導師 Elijah Muhammad 使者 Brother Baines 告訴小麥上帝是黑人。接受開導後智慧大開，電影後四分之三的麥爾坎Ｘ理光頭髮洗盡鉛華，戴起厚重眼鏡成了教誨諄諄的演說家／煽動家，不僅和老師辯論耶穌不是黑人 (not paleface)，離開監獄時已把整部字典完整抄寫一遍。
麥爾坎Ｘ向警察訴願抗議時，只需簡單手勢下達口令，拐直角左轉彎踏步立定，黑人鄉親隨即從憤慨暴眾轉型日常行人，證明穆斯林們皆安分守己的好公民，除非壞蛋不講理在先。其動員能力之嚴謹整肅可比納粹武神，白人最怕這種冷靜又肯動腦筋的黑人。接續劇情發展請參考相關書目或維基百科。附上麥爾坎Ｘ、金恩博士與甘迺迪兄弟生卒年月日：
John F. Kennedy
May 29, 1917 ~ November 22, 1963 (46)
Malcolm X
May 19, 1925 ~ February 21, 1965 (39)
Martin Luther King, Jr.
January 15, 1929 ~ April 4, 1968 (39)
Robert F. Kennedy
November 20, 1925 ~ June 6, 1968 (42)
The only thing I like integrated is my coffee.
Mr. X, before we begin|our discussion tonight... "The Black Muslims: Hate Mongers"... would you mind explaining for us the meaning of your name which is the letter "X"?
During slavery time, the slave master gave the Negro, the so-called Negro, named the so-called Negro after themselves. Elijah Muhammad teaches us that once we come into the knowledge of Islam, the knowledge of ourselveswe replace our slave name with an "X"
"X" in mathematics representing the unknown. Since we've been disconnected, or cut off from our own history, our own past, our own culture, our own land, we use the "X," the unknown, until we get back to our country.
最後請容我引述 Nas 的歌詞：
Be, be, 'fore we came to this country
We were kings and queens, never porch monkeys
It was empires in Africa called Kush
Timbuktu, where every race came to get books
To learn from black teachers who taught Greeks and Romans
Asian Arabs and gave them gold when
Gold was converted to money it all changed
Money then became empowerment for Europeans
The Persian military invaded
They learned about the gold, the teachings and everything sacred
Africa was almost robbed naked
Slavery was money, so they began making slave ships
Egypt was the place that Alexander the Great went
He was so shocked at the mountains with black faces
Shot up they nose to impose what basically
Still goes on today, you see?
↑ 麥爾坎Ｘ回答問題時的招牌托腮動作。
"Say It Loud, I'm Black and I'm Proud "
-- James Brown
身為黃種台人的筆者又該說些什麼？巨龍巨龍你擦亮眼？
(悟飯的爸爸) 孫悟空：「Don't copy me!!!」
金恩博士：「我夢見我們的祖孫八代不分黑白無常青紅皂白都手牽手站在山丘上玩耍著。」
麥爾坎Ｘ：「白人都是惡魔，我們黑人要建立伊斯蘭國度自己玩，才不讓白人進來！」
麥爾坎Ｘ：「我支持愛的教育，我不是一個種族主義者喔～」
麥爾坎Ｘ：「還有，甘迺迪被暗殺是白人活該，誰叫他們要欺負我們黑人四百年，再加上印地安人五百年的舊帳也順便拿出來算……」
穆罕默德老師：「Why don't you motherf*** shut the f*** up... this nigga, no, NEGRO, has nothing to do with us, we love JFK very much, just like you!!!」
延伸閱讀：
黑人電影教父史派克李早期作品簡介 (上) 
↑ Nelson Mandela ... Soweto Teacher
As Brother Malcolm said: We declare our right on this earth...
to be a man
to be a human being
to be given the rights
of a human being
to be respected
as a human being
in this society
on this earth
in this day which we intend to bring into existence
[cut to Malcolm X speech scene]
by any means necessary!!!
24th Annual Brooklyn Tribute to Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Part of the 24th Annual Brooklyn Tribute to Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Mon, Jan 18 at 10:30am
BAM Howard Gilman Opera House
Free! First come, first seated. One ticket per person.
She's Gotta Have It (1986) - Mars & Nola
Shes Gotta Have It 1/3
School Daze is a 1988 musical-drama film, written and directed by Spike Lee, and starring Laurence Fishburne, Giancarlo Esposito, and Tisha Campbell-Martin.
Spike Lee tells the story behind "School Daze", how he feels about fraternities and sororities.
Do the Right Thing (1989) - trailer
There's something about Air Jordan
The Story of Love and Hate
"Fight the Power"
Music and Lyrics by Chuck D. (as Carlton Ridenhour), Hank Shocklee, Eric Sadler, and Keith Shocklee
Performed by Public Enemy
Def American Songs, Inc. (BMI)
Courtesy of DefJam/CBS Records
Malcolm X (1992) - Official Trailer
"I Have No Fear Whatsoever of Anybody or Anything."
"If Somone Puts a Dog on You, Kill That Dog."
THE HOUSE NEGRO AND THE FIELD NEGRO
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